Cyclorine Capsule

CYCLORINE CAPSULE

CYCLORINE CAPSULE, manufactured by LUPIN LTD., is an antibiotic medication primarily used in the treatment of bacterial infections.

Name

• Common Name: Cycloserine Capsule
• Brand Name: Cyclorine Capsule (also referred to as Cyclorin Capsule)

Composition

• Active Ingredients: Each capsule contains Cycloserine 250 mg.

Uses

CYCLORINE CAPSULE is mainly prescribed for:

• Tuberculosis (TB): It is used as a crucial part of combination therapy for drug-resistant tuberculosis, particularly when bacteria have developed resistance to other antibiotics. It works by inhibiting the cell-wall biosynthesis of Mycobacterium tuberculosis.
• Urinary Tract Infections (UTIs): It may also be used to treat certain types of urinary tract infections that do not respond to primary treatments.
• Kidney Infections: Used in the treatment of kidney infections.

Dosage and Administration

Take CYCLORINE CAPSULE as directed by a healthcare professional. It can be taken with or without food, but consistency in timing is important for optimal results, ideally at the same time each day. Adults typically start with 250 mg twice daily, with doses potentially increasing up to 1000 mg per day in divided doses. Children's dosage is usually 15-20 mg/kg/day, not exceeding 1000 mg daily. It must always be given in combination with other antituberculosis agents, and Pyridoxine (Vitamin B6) should be taken concomitantly. Do not crush, chew, or break the capsule.

Side Effects

• Common Side Effects: Dizziness, drowsiness, mood changes, headache, numbness, tingling in extremities, memory loss, confusion, insomnia, anxiety, nervousness.
• Serious Side Effects (Seek medical attention if experienced): Skin rashes, tremors, speech or movement issues, depression, seizures, psychosis, severe drowsiness, problems with muscle movement, slurred speech, or loss of consciousness.

Precautions

• Inform your doctor about any allergies, kidney or liver problems, or a history of seizure disorders, epilepsy, severe anxiety, depression, or psychosis before starting this medication.
• Pregnant and breastfeeding women should avoid using Cyclorine Capsule, as it may pass into breast milk and cause potential harm.
• Avoid alcohol consumption as it may increase the risk of seizures and worsen side effects.
• Do not drive or operate heavy machinery if you experience dizziness or drowsiness.
• Regular blood and urine tests may be required during treatment.
• Complete the full prescribed course of treatment, even if symptoms improve, to prevent the infection from returning or worsening.

Storage

Store CYCLORINE CAPSULE in a cool, dry place away from direct sunlight, at a temperature below 25°C or 30°C. Keep the bottle tightly closed to protect from moisture. Keep this medicine out of the sight and reach of children.

Here are the most frequently asked questions about CYCLORINE CAPSULE by LUPIN LTD.:

What is Cyclorine Capsule used for?

Cyclorine Capsule is an antibiotic medication primarily used to treat tuberculosis (TB), especially drug-resistant forms of the disease. It is typically administered in combination with other antituberculosis agents. In some instances, it may also be prescribed for certain urinary tract infections (UTIs) caused by bacteria. It is not effective against viral infections like the common cold or flu.

How does Cyclorine Capsule work?

Cyclorine Capsule contains the active ingredient Cycloserine. It works by inhibiting the biosynthesis of the bacterial cell wall, which is crucial for the survival of bacteria, particularly Mycobacterium tuberculosis. Specifically, it targets enzymes like alanine racemase and D-alanine:D-alanine ligase, which are essential for creating peptidoglycan, a key component of the bacterial cell wall, leading to the death of the bacterial cells.

What is the usual dosage for Cyclorine Capsule?

The dosage of Cyclorine Capsule is determined by your doctor based on your condition and the severity of the infection. For adults, a common starting dose is 250 milligrams (mg) twice a day, or 10-15 mg per kilogram of body weight per day, up to a maximum of 1000 mg daily, given in divided doses. Children typically receive 15–20 mg/kg/day, not exceeding 1000 mg/day. It should be taken regularly at evenly spaced intervals, and often with food to help prevent stomach upset. A full course of treatment must be completed, which can last several months to over a year for tuberculosis, even if symptoms improve earlier.

What are the possible side effects of Cyclorine Capsule?

Common side effects can include dizziness, drowsiness, headache, numbness, tingling sensation, insomnia (difficulty sleeping), and mood changes such as confusion, memory loss, depression, or irritability. More serious side effects, though less common, can involve central nervous system toxicity, leading to severe drowsiness, problems with muscle movement, seizures, slurred speech, loss of consciousness, and skin rashes. Inform your doctor immediately if you experience persistent or severe side effects. Cyclorine Capsule has also been associated with anemia due to vitamin B12 and/or folic acid deficiency.

Is Cyclorine Capsule safe during pregnancy or breastfeeding?

Cyclorine Capsule is generally not recommended during pregnancy, and you should consult your doctor if you are pregnant or planning to become pregnant. It is categorized as Pregnancy Category C, meaning it is unknown if it can cause fetal harm. Avoid breastfeeding while taking Cyclorine Capsule, as it passes into breast milk and infants should be monitored if used during lactation. It is recommended that pregnant and breastfeeding individuals discuss the risks and benefits with their doctor. Concomitant pyridoxine (vitamin B6) supplementation for both mother and breastfed infant is important.

Can Cyclorine Capsule be taken with other medications?

Cyclorine Capsule must always be used in combination with other antituberculosis medications for effective treatment. Concurrent use with other drugs like ethionamide or isoniazid can increase the risk of neurotoxic side effects. It may also interact with certain allergy medications (e.g., cetirizine, diphenhydramine), sleep or anxiety medications (e.g., alprazolam, zolpidem), muscle relaxants, and opioid pain relievers (e.g., codeine). It's crucial to inform your doctor about all medications, supplements, and herbal products you are taking.

What precautions should be taken while on Cyclorine Capsule?

Inform your doctor if you have a history of seizure disorders, kidney or liver problems, depression, severe anxiety, or psychosis, as Cyclorine Capsule can worsen these conditions. Avoid alcohol consumption entirely while taking this medication, as it significantly increases the risk of seizures and other central nervous system side effects. Due to potential dizziness, drowsiness, or mood changes, do not drive or operate heavy machinery until you understand how the medication affects you. It is vital to complete the full prescribed course of treatment, even if you feel better, to prevent the infection from returning or worsening. Regular blood tests to monitor kidney, liver function, and blood cell counts may be necessary. Taking Pyridoxine (vitamin B6) is also recommended to help mitigate neurotoxic effects.

What happens if a dose of Cyclorine Capsule is missed?

If you miss a dose of Cyclorine Capsule, it is important to consult your doctor for advice on the best course of action. If it is almost time for your next scheduled dose, skip the missed one and continue with your regular dosing schedule. Do not take a double dose to make up for a missed one.

How should Cyclorine Capsule be stored?

Cyclorine Capsule should be stored in a cool and dry place, away from direct sunlight. Keep the capsules at room temperature, generally below 25°C or 30°C, and protect them from heat and moisture. Always ensure the medication is kept out of sight and reach of children.