Capnea Oral Solu-1ml

CAPNEA ORAL SOLU-1ML by CIPLA LTD.

Name

• Brand Name: Capnea Oral Solution 1ml
• Common Name/Active Ingredient: Caffeine Citrate (often referred to as Caffeine)

Composition

Each 1ml of Capnea Oral Solution contains Caffeine Citrate equivalent to 20mg of Caffeine.

Uses

Capnea Oral Solution is prescribed for:

• Primary apnea of prematurity: This is a condition in premature babies characterized by episodes of interrupted breathing. Capnea helps stimulate the respiratory system, promoting regular breathing patterns.
• Bronchopulmonary dysplasia: It is also used in the management of airway damage among premature babies.

Dosage and Administration

Capnea Oral Solution is administered orally, typically via a gastric feeding tube, by a doctor or nurse. The precise dose and duration of therapy are determined by the healthcare professional based on the infant's gestational age, body weight, and overall health condition. It can be taken with or without food, but it is advisable to administer it at a fixed time.

Side Effects

Common Side Effects:

• Fast or irregular heart rate (tachycardia, arrhythmia)
• Increased blood sugar levels (hyperglycemia)
• Restlessness, agitation
• Headache, dizziness
• Insomnia (difficulty in sleeping)

Serious Side Effects (Contact a doctor immediately if observed):

• Severe bloody stools
• Fits or seizures
• Blood infections (sepsis)
• Allergic reactions (e.g., skin rash, itching, redness, swelling of the face, lips, tongue, or throat, breathing difficulties)
• Necrotizing enterocolitis (a serious bowel condition), which requires close monitoring for abdominal bloating, vomiting, bloody stools, unusual sleepiness, or sudden changes in energy levels.

Precautions

• Allergies: This medicine should not be given to infants who are allergic or hypersensitive to caffeine or any of its ingredients.
• Medical Conditions: Use with caution in babies with kidney problems, liver problems, heart problems, seizure disorders, slow weight gain, or frequent regurgitation (spitting up of milk or food).
• Breastfeeding Mothers: If the mother is breastfeeding, she must avoid consuming coffee or foods/drinks with high caffeine content, as caffeine can pass into breast milk and potentially lead to an overdosage in the infant.
• Monitoring: Treatment should begin under the guidance of a neonatologist in a neonatal intensive care unit (NICU) with adequate patient surveillance and monitoring facilities.
• Drug Interactions: Inform the doctor if the child is receiving other medicines for breathing (e.g., theophylline, doxapram), if the mother took anti-epileptic medicines (e.g., phenobarbitone, phenytoin) during pregnancy, or if other medications like ketoconazole (for fungal infections) or stomach ulcer medicines (e.g., omeprazole, ranitidine) are being used.

Storage

Capnea Oral Solution should be stored below 25°C or 30°C. Keep it in a cool, dry place, away from direct sunlight, and out of the reach and sight of children.

CAPNEA ORAL SOLU-1ML by CIPLA LTD. is a medication primarily used in premature infants. Its active ingredient is Caffeine Citrate, a central nervous system stimulant.

What is CAPNEA ORAL SOLU-1ML used for?

CAPNEA ORAL SOLU-1ML is used to manage primary apnea (episodes of interrupted breathing) in premature babies. It can also be used to manage and prevent bronchopulmonary dysplasia (airway damage) in premature infants.

How does CAPNEA ORAL SOLU-1ML work?

CAPNEA ORAL SOLU-1ML contains Caffeine Citrate, which is a central nervous system (CNS) stimulant. It works by stimulating a part of the brain that controls breathing. This action makes the respiratory center more sensitive to carbon dioxide levels, leading to deeper and faster breathing, increasing the number of breathing cycles, and improving blood flow in the lungs. It achieves this by blocking adenosine receptors, inhibiting phosphodiesterase, and mobilizing intracellular calcium.

What is the usual dosage for CAPNEA ORAL SOLU-1ML?

The dosage of CAPNEA ORAL SOLU-1ML is determined by a doctor or nurse based on the infant's gestational age, body weight, and health condition. It is administered orally, often via a gastric feeding tube. A typical regimen for premature infants may involve a loading dose, followed by a daily maintenance dose, with adjustments made weekly based on body weight.

What are the possible side effects of CAPNEA ORAL SOLU-1ML?

Common side effects include restlessness, headache, dizziness, insomnia (difficulty sleeping), and an increased or irregular heart rate (tachycardia or arrhythmia). In some cases, increased blood sugar (hyperglycemia) or severe bloody stools and fits have been reported. It is important to consult a doctor if these side effects worsen or persist.

Is CAPNEA ORAL SOLU-1ML safe during pregnancy or breastfeeding?

CAPNEA ORAL SOLU-1ML is intended for premature newborns. For breastfeeding mothers of infants receiving this medication, it is advised to avoid consuming coffee or other high-caffeine products. This is because caffeine can pass into breast milk and potentially lead to an overdosage in the nursing infant, who is already receiving caffeine therapy.

Can CAPNEA ORAL SOLU-1ML be taken with other medications?

Before CAPNEA ORAL SOLU-1ML is administered, the doctor should be informed about any other medicines the child is receiving. It may interact with other breathing-aid medicines (e.g., theophylline, doxapram), medicines used to control fits (e.g., phenobarbitone, phenytoin taken by the mother during pregnancy), antifungal medicines (e.g., ketoconazole), and medicines for stomach ulcers (e.g., omeprazole, ranitidine). Other interactions may occur with drugs that are substrates for or inhibit the CYP1A2 enzyme, such as cimetidine, oral contraceptives, quinolones, mexiletine, and fluvoxamine.

What precautions should be taken with CAPNEA ORAL SOLU-1ML?

Caution should be exercised if the infant has liver, kidney, or heart problems (such as an irregular heart rate), seizure disorders, slow weight gain, or frequent regurgitation (spitting up of milk or food). Infants should be carefully monitored for the development of necrotizing enterocolitis, a serious bowel condition, with symptoms like abdominal bloating, vomiting, bloody stools, or unusual sleepiness. CAPNEA ORAL SOLU-1ML is generally used in premature infants born between 28-33 gestation weeks under medical supervision.

What happens if a dose of CAPNEA ORAL SOLU-1ML is missed?

If a dose is missed, it should be given as soon as possible. However, if it is almost time for the next scheduled dose, the missed dose should be skipped, and the regular dosing schedule should be resumed. Double doses should not be given to compensate for a missed dose.

How should CAPNEA ORAL SOLU-1ML be stored?

CAPNEA ORAL SOLU-1ML should be stored in a cool, dry place away from sunlight, with temperatures generally below 25°C or 30°C. It should be kept out of reach and sight of children. Once opened, it should be used once and then discarded.