Glucobay M 25 Mg Tablet (10 Tab)

GLUCOBAY M 25 MG TABLET

GLUCOBAY M 25 MG TABLET is a combination antidiabetic medication manufactured by Bayer Zydus Pharma Pvt. Ltd.. It is prescribed for the management of type 2 diabetes mellitus in adults.

Composition Each tablet contains:

• Acarbose: 25 mg
• Metformin: 500 mg

Uses GLUCOBAY M 25 MG TABLET is used to control high blood glucose (sugar) levels in adults with type 2 diabetes mellitus. It is particularly indicated when diet and exercise alone, or in combination with other single oral antidiabetic medicines, are not sufficient to achieve adequate blood sugar control.

• It works by slowing down the digestion and absorption of carbohydrates from the digestive tract, thereby decreasing the rise in blood glucose levels after meals.
• Metformin reduces the amount of sugar produced by the liver and improves the body's response to insulin, enhancing glucose utilization by tissues.

Dosage and Administration GLUCOBAY M 25 MG TABLET should be taken orally with food, as directed by a physician. Typically, it is taken three times daily. The tablet should be swallowed whole with a glass of water and not crushed, chewed, or broken. The dosage may be adjusted based on the individual's condition and response to treatment. Regular monitoring of blood sugar levels is recommended during treatment.

Side Effects Common side effects include:

• Flatulence
• Diarrhea
• Abdominal pain or cramps
• Bloating or feeling of fullness
• Loss of appetite
• Changes in taste
• Nausea and vomiting

Serious (rare) side effects may include:

• Lactic acidosis, a serious condition with symptoms such as weakness, muscle pain, trouble breathing, and stomach pain. Seek immediate medical attention if these symptoms occur.
• Hypoglycemia (low blood sugar), especially when used with other antidiabetic medicines, alcohol, or if meals are delayed or missed. Symptoms include cold sweats, cool pale skin, tremor, anxious feeling, dizziness, hunger, and shakiness.
• Vitamin B12 deficiency with prolonged metformin use.
• Yellow-colored eyes or skin.
• Increased liver enzymes.

Precautions

• Contraindications: GLUCOBAY M 25 MG TABLET is not recommended for patients with type 1 diabetes mellitus, diabetic ketoacidosis, severe kidney or liver disease, ulcerative colitis, Crohn's disease, severe heart conditions (e.g., heart failure or heart attack), severe infections, or metabolic acidosis. It should also be avoided in individuals with a known allergy to acarbose or metformin. It is not recommended for children under 16 years of age.
• Alcohol: Consumption of alcohol is unsafe as it can increase the risk of lactic acidosis and hypoglycemia.
• Pregnancy and Breastfeeding: Consult a doctor before use if pregnant or breastfeeding.
• Other Conditions: Use with caution in elderly patients and those with mild to moderate kidney or liver impairment. Inform your doctor about any pre-existing heart disease.
• Drug Interactions: This medicine can interact with other antidiabetic medicines (potentially causing hypoglycemia), digestive enzymes, absorbents, cholesterol-lowering medicines (e.g., Cholestyramine), and certain heart medications like nifedipine and digoxin. Interactions with corticosteroids and iodinated contrast media have also been noted.
• Monitoring: Regular monitoring of blood sugar levels, kidney function, and liver function is advised during treatment.

Storage Store GLUCOBAY M 25 MG TABLET in a cool and dry place, ideally below 30°C. Keep the medicine in its closed container, away from direct sunlight and moisture. Ensure it is kept out of sight and reach of children.

What is GLUCOBAY M 25 MG TABLET used for?

GLUCOBAY M 25 MG TABLET is primarily used for the management and treatment of type 2 diabetes mellitus in adults. It helps to control high blood sugar levels, especially when diet and exercise alone are insufficient, or when used in combination with other anti-diabetic medicines. This medication helps lower post-meal blood sugar spikes and can reduce the risk of long-term complications associated with diabetes, such as nerve damage, kidney disease, and vision issues.

How does GLUCOBAY M 25 MG TABLET work?

GLUCOBAY M 25 MG TABLET contains two active ingredients: Acarbose and Metformin.

• Acarbose is an alpha-glucosidase inhibitor that works by slowing down the digestion of complex carbohydrates (sugars) in the intestine. This delays the absorption of glucose into the bloodstream, thereby preventing sharp rises in blood sugar levels after meals.
• Metformin is a biguanide that reduces the amount of glucose produced by the liver and released into the bloodstream. It also decreases the absorption of glucose from the intestines and improves the body's sensitivity to insulin, allowing better utilization of existing insulin.

What is the usual dosage of GLUCOBAY M 25 MG TABLET?

The dosage of GLUCOBAY M 25 MG TABLET is determined by your doctor based on your individual condition, blood sugar levels, and response to the medicine. It should be taken orally, usually with food or just before a meal, to minimize stomach upset and enhance its effectiveness. It's important to take it regularly at the same time each day for optimal results. Do not crush, chew, or break the tablet; swallow it whole with a glass of water. Always adhere to the prescribed dosage and do not change it without consulting your doctor.

What are the possible side effects of GLUCOBAY M 25 MG TABLET?

Common side effects often include gastrointestinal issues such as flatulence (gas), diarrhea, abdominal pain or cramps, stomach upset, and a feeling of fullness or bloating. These usually improve over time.

More serious, though rare, side effects can include:

• Lactic acidosis: A serious condition caused by the overproduction of lactic acid in the blood, characterized by symptoms like weakness, muscle pain, difficulty breathing, and stomach pain. Seek immediate medical attention if these symptoms occur.
• Vitamin B12 deficiency: May occur with prolonged metformin use.
• Other possible side effects include nausea, vomiting, loss of appetite, changes in taste, and hypoglycemia (low blood sugar), especially when taken with other anti-diabetic medications or alcohol.

Is GLUCOBAY M 25 MG TABLET safe during pregnancy or breastfeeding?

Pregnancy: GLUCOBAY M 25 MG TABLET is generally not recommended for use during pregnancy unless absolutely necessary, as its safety during human pregnancy is not well-established. While some sources suggest it might be safe or a Category B pregnancy drug, others advise caution, stating that animal studies have shown low or no adverse effects but human data is limited. Your doctor will weigh the potential benefits and risks and may consider safer alternatives like insulin.

Breastfeeding: The use of GLUCOBAY M 25 MG TABLET is generally not advised while breastfeeding, as the medicine may pass into breast milk. It is recommended to avoid nursing your baby while on this medication. Always consult your doctor if you are pregnant or breastfeeding.

Can GLUCOBAY M 25 MG TABLET be taken with other medications?

GLUCOBAY M 25 MG TABLET can interact with several other medications. It is crucial to inform your doctor about all medicines, supplements, and herbal products you are currently taking to prevent potential interactions.

• Increased risk of lactic acidosis: Carbonic anhydrase inhibitors (e.g., topiramate, zonisamide, acetazolamide) and cationic medications (e.g., amiloride, digoxin, ranitidine) can increase this risk.
• Other antidiabetic medicines: When used with insulin or other anti-diabetic agents, it can lead to an excessive drop in blood glucose (hypoglycemia).
• Reduced effectiveness of GLUCOBAY M: Diuretics (e.g., furosemide), corticosteroids (e.g., prednisolone), bronchodilators (e.g., salbutamol), antipsychotics (e.g., aripiprazole), and certain antibiotics (e.g., rifampicin) may decrease its effect.
• Decreased effectiveness of other medicines: Medicines containing digestive enzymes and absorbents can reduce the effectiveness of Glucobay.
• Cautious use/monitoring: Anti-hypertensives (e.g., captopril, verapamil), anti-epileptic medicines (e.g., phenytoin), anti-tuberculosis medicines, and medicines for heart diseases (e.g., nifedipine, digoxin) require careful monitoring.

What precautions should be taken with GLUCOBAY M 25 MG TABLET?

• Medical Conditions: Inform your doctor if you have kidney disease, liver disease, heart disease (including congestive heart failure or a history of heart attack), high ketone levels, inflammatory bowel disease (like ulcerative colitis or Crohn's disease), hernias, or intestinal/gastric diseases. The medication is not recommended for severe kidney or liver impairment, diabetic ketoacidosis, or metabolic acidosis.
• Alcohol Consumption: Avoid or limit alcohol consumption, as it can increase the risk of lactic acidosis and alter blood sugar levels.
• Hypoglycemia: Be prepared for hypoglycemia (low blood sugar), especially if taking other diabetes medications or if meals are delayed or missed. Carry a quick source of sugar (e.g., candies, fruit juice).
• Monitoring: Regular monitoring of blood sugar levels is essential. Your doctor may also advise blood tests to monitor blood cell counts and liver function.
• Hydration: Stay well-hydrated to minimize the risk of side effects, particularly lactic acidosis.
• Surgery/X-rays: Inform your doctor before any pre-planned surgeries or X-rays/scans.
• Children: GLUCOBAY M 25 MG TABLET is not recommended for children below 12 or 16 years of age.

What happens if a dose is missed?

If you miss a dose, take it as soon as you remember. However, if it's almost time for your next scheduled dose, skip the missed dose and continue with your regular dosing schedule. Do not take a double dose to compensate for the missed one. If you miss several doses and experience symptoms of high blood sugar (hyperglycemia), contact your doctor.

How should GLUCOBAY M 25 MG TABLET be stored?

Store GLUCOBAY M 25 MG TABLET in a cool, dry place, away from direct sunlight and moisture, and below 25°C. Keep it in its original container and out of the sight and reach of children and pets.