Dapanorm Duo 5 Tab

DAPANORM DUO 5 TAB by ALKEM LABORATORIES LTD.

Name

• Brand Name: Dapanorm Duo 5 Tablet
• Common Name: Dapagliflozin and Sitagliptin Tablets

Composition

Dapanorm Duo 5 Tablet contains a combination of two active ingredients:

• Dapagliflozin 5 mg
• Sitagliptin 50 mg

Uses

Dapanorm Duo 5 Tablet is primarily used for the management of type 2 diabetes mellitus in adults. It is prescribed when blood sugar levels are not adequately controlled by diet, exercise, or other medications alone, such as metformin monotherapy. This medication helps to lower elevated blood glucose, improve insulin sensitivity, reduce glucose production in the liver, and increase glucose excretion through urine. It also helps prevent serious complications associated with diabetes, such as eyesight loss (retinopathy), kidney damage (nephropathy), and nerve damage (neuropathy).

Dosage and Administration

This medication should be taken by mouth with or without food, as directed by a doctor, usually once daily in the morning. Tablets should be swallowed whole with a glass of water and not crushed, broken, or chewed. It is important to take it at the same time each day to aid memory and consistency. The dosage is determined by the physician based on the patient's medical condition and response to treatment. Do not stop taking the medicine abruptly without consulting your doctor, as this may lead to increased blood sugar levels and potential complications.

Side Effects

Common side effects may include:

• Headache
• Diarrhoea
• Nausea and vomiting
• Hypoglycaemia (low blood sugar), especially when taken with other antidiabetic medications
• Urinary tract infection (UTI)
• Nasal congestion, stuffy or runny nose, sore throat (nasopharyngitis, upper respiratory tract infection)
• Frequent urination
• Fungal infections in the genital area (vaginal yeast infection)
• Flatulence, constipation, stomach pain
• Dizziness

Serious side effects, though rare, can include acute pancreatitis (severe and persistent stomach pain) and serious allergic reactions (rash, hives, swelling of the lips, tongue, face, and throat).

Precautions

• Allergies: Do not take if allergic to dapagliflozin, sitagliptin, or any other ingredients.
• Medical Conditions: Inform your doctor if you have type 1 diabetes, diabetic ketoacidosis, severe kidney or liver disease, heart failure, inflammation of the pancreas, gallstones, or very high levels of triglycerides.
• Pregnancy and Breastfeeding: Not recommended during pregnancy and should be used with caution in breastfeeding women; consult a doctor.
• Alcohol: Avoid alcohol consumption as it may increase the risk of serious side effects, including lactic acidosis.
• Dehydration: Drink plenty of fluids to prevent dehydration, especially as the medicine increases glucose excretion through urine.
• Interactions: Inform your doctor about all other medicines, including diuretics, insulin, sulfonylureas, antifungals (e.g., ketoconazole), antivirals (e.g., ritonavir), antibiotics (e.g., clarithromycin), cardiac glycosides (e.g., digoxin), and NSAIDs, as dose adjustments may be necessary.
• Driving: Dapanorm Duo 5 Tablet may cause dizziness, so caution is advised when driving or operating machinery until you know how it affects you.
• Children: Not recommended for use in children below 18 years of age.

Storage

Store Dapanorm Duo 5 Tablet in a cool and dry place, away from direct sunlight and moisture, at a temperature below 30°C. Keep it out of the sight and reach of children.

What is Dapanorm Duo 5 Tablet used for?

Dapanorm Duo 5 Tablet is primarily used for the management of type 2 diabetes mellitus in adults. It is prescribed when blood sugar levels are not adequately controlled by diet and exercise alone, or when metformin monotherapy is insufficient. This medication helps to lower elevated blood glucose and reduces the risk of serious complications associated with diabetes, such as kidney damage, nerve damage, and vision loss. It may also help reduce the risk of heart attack, heart failure, or other cardiovascular events.

How does Dapanorm Duo 5 Tablet work?

Dapanorm Duo 5 Tablet contains a combination of two active ingredients: Dapagliflozin (5 mg) and Sitagliptin (50 mg).

• Dapagliflozin is a sodium-glucose cotransporter 2 (SGLT2) inhibitor. It works by blocking a specific protein in the kidneys responsible for reabsorbing glucose back into the blood. This action leads to increased excretion of glucose through the urine, thereby reducing blood sugar levels.
• Sitagliptin is a dipeptidyl peptidase-4 (DPP-4) inhibitor. It functions by slowing down the inactivation of incretin hormones (GLP-1 and GIP) that are released after meals. This results in increased insulin secretion from the pancreas and a decrease in glucagon release, a hormone that raises blood sugar levels. Together, these components help control blood sugar levels effectively.

What is the usual dosage for Dapanorm Duo 5 Tablet?

Dapanorm Duo 5 Tablet should be taken exactly as recommended by your doctor. It can be taken with or without food, preferably at the same time each day for optimal benefits. Do not crush, break, or chew the tablet; swallow it whole with a glass of water. Your doctor will determine the appropriate dosage based on your medical condition and response to treatment. It is important not to stop taking the medication without consulting your doctor.

What are the possible side effects of Dapanorm Duo 5 Tablet?

Common side effects of Dapanorm Duo 5 Tablet may include:

• Urinary tract infections (UTIs)
• Nasal congestion (stuffy or runny nose)
• Sore throat
• Upper respiratory tract infections
• Headache
• Low blood sugar (hypoglycemia), especially when used with insulin or sulfonylureas
• Genital fungal infections
• Dizziness
• Flatulence, constipation, stomach pain, or diarrhea Drinking plenty of fluids can help prevent dehydration. If you experience severe or persistent side effects, or symptoms of acute pancreatitis (severe abdominal pain with or without nausea/vomiting) or serious allergic reactions (rash, swelling of face/tongue/lips), contact your physician immediately.

Is Dapanorm Duo 5 Tablet safe during pregnancy or breastfeeding?

Dapanorm Duo 5 Tablet is generally not recommended during pregnancy. If you are pregnant, planning to conceive, or think you may be pregnant, you should discuss this with your doctor. Limited data is available on the effect of Dapanorm Duo 5 Tablet during breastfeeding. It is advised to consult your doctor if you are a nursing mother, as your doctor will weigh the benefits against the potential risks before prescribing.

Can Dapanorm Duo 5 Tablet be taken with other medications?

It is crucial to inform your doctor about all other medicines, herbal products, or supplements you are currently taking or might take, as Dapanorm Duo 5 Tablet can interact with various medications. Particular care should be taken if you are taking:

• Insulin and other anti-diabetic medications (e.g., sulfonylureas) as this combination may increase the risk of extremely low blood sugar levels (hypoglycemia).
• Diuretics (e.g., furosemide, hydrochlorothiazide) as they may increase the risk of dehydration and low blood pressure.
• Medicines for managing heart failure (e.g., digoxin).
• Certain anti-fungal (e.g., ketoconazole), anti-bacterial (e.g., clarithromycin), or anti-HIV/AIDS (e.g., ritonavir) medications.
• Non-Steroidal Anti-Inflammatory Drugs (NSAIDs) like ibuprofen or naproxen, which may increase the chance of kidney problems.

What precautions should be taken with Dapanorm Duo 5 Tablet?

Before taking Dapanorm Duo 5 Tablet, inform your doctor if you have:

• Type 1 diabetes or diabetic ketoacidosis.
• Kidney or liver disease, or heart failure.
• A history of urinary tract infections.
• Any stomach or intestinal illness, including a history of pancreatitis.
• You are scheduled for surgery.
• You consume alcohol regularly or frequently, as it may increase the risk of lactic acidosis. It is also important to maintain good hygiene to prevent genital fungal infections and to drink plenty of fluids to prevent dehydration.

What happens if a dose of Dapanorm Duo 5 Tablet is missed?

If you miss a dose of Dapanorm Duo 5 Tablet, take it as soon as you remember. However, if it's almost time for your next scheduled dose, skip the missed dose and continue with your regular dosing schedule. Do not take a double dose to compensate for the missed one.

How should Dapanorm Duo 5 Tablet be stored?

Dapanorm Duo 5 Tablet should be stored in a cool and dry place, away from direct sunlight and moisture. It should be kept out of the sight and reach of children. Store below 30°C.